exam

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1. Who is known as the father of Microbiology?

a) Edwin John Butler

b) Ferdinand Cohn

c) Robert Koch

d) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

2.Which microorganism(s) among the following perform photosynthesis by utilizing light?

a) Cyanobacteria, Fungi and Viruses

b) Viruses

c) Cyanobacteria

d) Fungi

3.Which part of the compound microscope helps in gathering and focusing light rays on the specimen to be viewed?

a) Condenser lens

b) Magnifying lens

c) Objective lens

d) Eyepiece lens

4.What is the approximate size of the bacterial cell?

a) 1mm in diameter

b) 0.5 to 1.0 micrometer in diameter

c) 2mm in diameter

d) 2 micrometer in diameter

5.The respiratory chain of bacteria is associated with the

a) cytoplasmic membrane

b) cell wall

c) cytoplasm

d) mitochondrial membrane

6.The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is which type of bacteria?

a) Mesophile

b) Mesophile and psychrophile

c) Psychrophile

d) Thermophile

7.Which of the following method can be used to determine the number of bacteria quantitatively?

a) Spread-plate

b) Streak-plate

c) Pour-plate and spread plate

d) Pour plate

8.What are the cell wall structural components of fungi?

a) peptidoglycan

b) cellulose

c) chitin

d) chitin, cellulose, or hemicellulose

9. Vaccination was invented by __________

a) Watson

b) Jenner

c) Crick

d) Pasteur

10. Sulphates are reduced to hydrogen sulphid

a) Thiobacillus thiooxidans

b) Rhodospirillum

c) Desulfotomaculum sp.

d) Photosynthetic sulfur bacteria

11. Bacterial cell grown on hydrocarbon wastes from the petroleum industry are a source of _______

a) fats

b) vitamins

c) carbohydrates

d) proteins

12. Acridine orange is which type of mutagen?

a) chemical compounds

b) transposons

c) base analog

d) intercalating agents

13. Lipopolysaccharide in cell walls is characteristic of ?

a) Algae

b) Fungi

c) Gram-negative bacteria

d) Gram-positive bacteria

14. Which of the following are true for cytoplasmic membrane?

a) site of generation of protonmotive force

b) hydrophilic barrier

c) hydrophobic barrier

d) hydrophobic barrier and site of generation of protonmotive force

15. The principal microorganism for yogurt is _______

a) Leuconostoc citrovorum

b) Streptococcus lactis

c) Streptococcus thermophilus

d) Lactobacillus acidophilus

16.The growth of animal cells in vitro in a suitable culture medium is called________

a) Gene expression

b) Transgenesis

c) Plant tissue culture

d) Animal cell culture

17. Cells from kidney tissues cannot survive independently, it requires other surface for attachment and survival.

a) True

b) False

18. Name the type of culture which is prepared by inoculating directly from the tissue of an organism to culture media?

a) Primary cell culture

b) Secondary cell culture

c) Cell lines

d) Transformed cell culture

19. Name the organism on which first cell line was observed?

a) E.coli

b) Sheep

c) Mouse

d) Drosophila

20. Name the cell line of the human embryonic lung?

a) HeLa

b) WISH

c) L

d) MRC-5

21. Which of the following is NOT the part of growth medium for animal culture?

a) Starch

b) Serum

c) Carbon source

d) Inorganic salts

22. Which of the following is NOT the major function of the serum?

a) Promotion of tuber and bulb formation

b) Stimulate cell growth

c) Enhance cell attachment

d) Provide transport proteins

23. Which of the following are the characteristics of a normal cell?

a) Anchorage independent

b) Continuous cell lines

c) Dependent on external growth factor

d) No contact inhibition

24. Name the non-membrane bound organelle exclusively found only in animal cell

a) Sphaerosome

b) Glyoxisome

c) Centriole

d) Peroxisome

25. If the centromere is located at the proximity of the end of a chromosome, it is known as

a) Acrocentric

b) Metacentric

c) Telocentric

d) Submetacentric

26. In the plasma membrane of a few animals, the presence of cholesterol

a) Makes the membrane less flexible permitting it to sustain greater pressure from within the cell

b) Enables the membrane to stay fluid more easily when the temperature of the cell drops

c) Enables the animal to remove hydrogen atoms from saturated phospholipids

d) Enables the animal to add hydrogen atoms to unsaturated phospholipids

27. The association of more than one ribosome with a single molecule of mRNA complex is known as

a) Polysome

b) Polypeptide

c) Polymer

d) Polysaccharide

28. This organism is not an example of eukaryotic cells

a) Euglena viridis

b) Escherichia coli

c) Amoeba proteus

d) Paramoecium caudatum

29. The main site of different types of cellular activities is

a) Mitochondrion

b) Nucleus

c) Cytoplasm

d) Plasma membrane

30. Flagella, centrioles, cilia and basal bodies possess evident similar structural elements and arrangements. This can lead to this probable hypothesis

a) Loss of basal bodies should lead to loss of all cilia, flagella, and centrioles

b) Disruption of one of these types of the structure should necessarily disrupt each of the others as well

c) Natural selection for motility must select for microtubular arrays in circular patterns

d) Motor proteins such as dynein must have evolved before any of these four kinds of structure

31. What is Molecular Biology?

a) Deals with the physical structures and processes of biological events

b) Deals with the chemical structures and processes of chemical events

c) Deals with the physical structures and processes of chemical events

d) Deals with the chemical structures and processes of biological events

32. Which of the following is DNA made up of?

a) Adenine – Guanine

b) Cytosine – Thymine

c) Both Adenine – Guanine & Cytosine – Thymine

d) None of the mentioned

33. Who is known as the father of Molecular biology?

a) Linus Carl Pauling

b) James Watson

c) Francis H. Crick

d) Mahlon B. Hoagland

34. Which of the following is RNA made up of?

a) Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil

b) Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine

c) Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, and Thymine

d) Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Thymine

35. Which of the following is a type of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

a) snRNA

b) rRNA

c) yRNA

d) dsRNA

36. How many unusual bases are observed in a tRNA molecule?

a) 1

b) 3

c) 5

d) 0

37. What is the correct pair of the four segments (R1, R2, R3, and R4)?

a) R1 and R2, R3 and R4

b) R2 and R3, R1 and R4

c) R1 and R3, R2 and R4

d) R2 and R1, R3 and R4

38. What is the resolution?

a) Exchange of DNA fragments

b) Heterochromatin structure formation

c) Regeneration of duplex DNA molecule

d) Cleavage of holiday junction

39. In the following type of libraries pick the odd one out.

a) cDNA library

b) A DNA library

c) Z DNA library

d) B DNA library

40. Which of the following parts of the mRNA determines the specificity of the amino acid attached?

a) Acceptor stem

b) D loop

c) ΨU loop

d) Variable loop

41. Which histone molecule produces novel binding sites for protein
components of the kinetochore?

a) H3

b) H4

c) H2A

d) CENP – A

42. Which of the following will form a palindromic sequence?

a) AGTCCTGA

b) GTTCCAAG

c) ATTGCAAT

d) GTTGGAAC

43. Which of the following cannot be used for the separation of nucleic acids?

a) Northern blotting

b) PAGE

c) SDS – PAGE

d) None of the mentioned

44. Which of the following organism has been found to have a positively supercoiled DNA?

a) Thermus aquaticus

b) Saurida tumbil

c) Monarda didyma

d) Cyanobacteria

45. Which of the following does not occur during cell division in prokaryotes?

a) DNA rejoining

b) Strand passage

c) Multiple decatenations

d) DNA cleavage

46. Which of the following is not true about High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)?

a) It requires high pressure for the separation of the specious

b) There is no need to vaporise the samples

c) It is performed in columns

d) It has high sensitivity

47. Which of the following is not an advantage of Syringe type pumps used in High pressure liquid chromatography?

a) Independent of viscosity

b) Pulse-less flow

c) High pressure capability

d) Unlimited solvent capacity

48. Which of the following immunity is obtained during a lifetime?

a) Acquired immunity

b) Active immunity

c) Passive immunity

d) None of the above.

49. Which of the following cells is involved in cell-mediated immunity?

a) Leukaemia

b) T cells

c) Mast cells

d) Thrombocytes

50. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) allows for rapid screening and quantification of the presence of _______ in a sample.

a) Protein

b) Antigen

c) Antibody

d) Amino acid